拆解工程学理论架构与基本方法

为了建立建筑拆解理论和技术方法的集成体系，解决目前拆解工程缺乏系统性理论与技术指导的现状，从建筑固废的产生源头提升资源可再利用率。从建筑结构拆解设计、拆解施工和资源化再利用等多角度，提出了拆解原则、拆解设计步骤及拆解施工安全要求，分析了建筑拆解的关键技术，讨论了拆解工艺方法和顺序与不同层级的资源化再利用之间的逻辑关联，形成了拆解工程学的理论架构。同时，进一步剖析了建筑拆解工程与传统建筑拆除模式的区别，并提出目前建筑拆解理论构成上还有待解决的难题。依托建筑拆解工程学理论，可以实现建筑固废减量化，改善资源化效率，改变传统建筑工程高投入、多污染的桎梏，为建筑工程可持续性研究提供参考和依据。

Theoretical framework and fundamental method for deconstruction engineering

The aims of this study are to establish a more systematic theoretical framework of deconstruction engineering and technology,address the lack of systematic theory and technical guidance in deconstruction engineering,and improve resources utilization from the source of solid waste after deconstruction.From the perspectives of deconstruction on the design,construction and resource reuse,the principles,design steps and safety requirements of deconstruction were put forward,and the key technologies were analyzed.The key point of this paper was to discuss the relationship between the deconstruction method and process with different levels of resource reclamation,thus forming the theoretical framework for deconstruction engineering.Furthermore,the differences between building deconstruction engineering and traditional building demolishing were analyzed,and the problems that remain to be solved in the current deconstruction engineering theory were highlighted.Regarding the background of high investment and pollution in traditional building engineering,the effect of resource utilization can be improved based on this new theory,and the basis for sustainability research for building engineering can be provided.