汶川地震建筑震害分析

汇总了清华大学、西南交通大学和北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组在四川地震主要灾区所调查的建筑震害资料,根据建筑的结构类别、建造年代、地震区估计烈度和使用功能进行了震害状况统计分析。结合典型工程震害案例,分析了此次地震中的建筑震害特点,总结了结构抗震概念设计、结构抗震设计和工程质量管理等方面的经验和教训。根据震害调查统计和典型震害分析,得到以下结论:严格执行抗震设计规范是保证建筑物抗震性能的主要前提;砌体结构应加强结构体系和抗震构造措施设计,并保证施工质量;框架结构应加强围护结构和填充墙与主体结构的抗震构造措施,并应改进"强柱弱梁"的设计;应进一步重视整体结构抗震概念设计;应充分考虑非结构构件的影响。

Analysis on seismic damage of buildings in the Wenchuan earthquake

This paper summaries the seismic damage data of buildings in major disaster area from the investigation groups of Tsinghua University,Xinan Jiaotong University and Beijing Jiaotong University.The building damages are classified according to the structural type,the construction time,the earthquake intensity and the usage.The building seismic damage cases in this earthquake are analyzed,and the lessons are concluded.According to the statistics analysis of the building damage and the case studies,several conclusive observations are made.Strict implementation of seismic design codes is the prerequisite to guarantee the seismic capacity of building structures.For masonry structures,the design of structural system and earthquake-resistant measures should be emphasized and the construction quality should be ensured.For RC frame structures,the construction measure of the connections between enclosure and filler walls and the structural columns should be carefully designed and constructed.Measures to ensure the strong column-weak beam mechanism should be revised and improved.Further study will be done for the conceptual design of integrity of structures against earthquake.Influence of nonstructural elements on the structural aseismic performance should be considered in the design.