黏滞阻尼器的优化布置及其在高层钢结构加固中的应用

阻尼器优化布置是结构减震设计过程中的重要环节，通常需要通过多次动力响应计算来完成。为此，提出了一种通过结构静力分析确定阻尼器合理布置位置的方法，并能够快速计算出优化方案的附加阻尼比。将该方法应用于一栋位于日本东京都新宿区29层钢结构建筑的减震加固设计中，分析了该建筑的强震观测系统在日本“311地震”中采集到的部分楼层加速度时程数据，并基于分析结果验证了所建立的非线性数值分析模型的可靠性。采用所提方法对结构进行减震加固，得到双向共64个阻尼器的优化布置方案及其附加阻尼比，并通过动力方法对结果进行了验证。同时针对长周期及长持时特性的地震波，对减震结构进行动力弹塑性时程分析，评估其抗震性能。分析结果表明：减震优化方案的减震效果明显，结构整体地震反应和构件损伤较非减震方案都大大减小；减震优化方案有效改善了高层钢结构楼层变形不均匀的情况，层间位移角均满足小于1/100的性能要求；通过减震优化后大部分钢支撑和钢梁的塑性率都降低至小于1。

Optimization layout of viscous dampers and its application in retrofitting of a high-rise steel structure

The optimal layout of dampers is an important part of the structural damping design process, which usually needs to be accomplished by multiple dynamic response calculations. To this end, a design procedure was proposed to determine the reasonable placement of dampers by structural static analysis, and to be able to quickly calculate the additional damping ratio of the optimization scheme. The proposed procedure was applied to the seismic retrofitting design of a 29-story steel building located in Shinjuku, Tokyo. The acceleration time history data of some floors recorded by the strong earthquake observation system of the building during Great East Earthquake on March 11, 2011, were analyzed, and the reliability of the established nonlinear numerical model was verified based on the analysis results. The existing high-rise structure was retrofitted by the proposed procedure, and the optimal arrangement schemes of 64 dampers in two directions and the additional damping ratio were obtained. The results were verified by the dynamic analysis method. Considering the effect of long-period and long-duration seismic ground motions, dynamic elasto-plastic time-history analysis was conducted to evaluate the seismic performance of the damped structures. The analysis results show that the damping effect of the damper optimization scheme is obvious, and the overall seismic response and component damage of the controlled structure are greatly reduced compared with those of the non-damped scheme. The seismic optimization scheme effectively improves the non-uniform floor deformation of the high-rise steel structure, and the inter-story drift ratio meets the performance requirement of less than 1/100. The plastic ratio of most steel braces and steel beams is reduced to less than one after adopting the damping optimization design.