城市滨水空间恢复性评价的视听影响因素研究

具有恢复性的城市环境可以减缓心理疲劳、促进生理健康。以天津市海河沿岸滨水空间为例，通过调查问卷探讨了不同人工化程度的城市滨水空间的恢复性评价、视听觉环境感知对恢复性评价的影响以及滨水空间中具有潜在恢复性的视听觉要素。结果表明：人工化程度较高的滨水空间其恢复性评价较低，但通过适当视听觉设计可提高其恢复性；滨水空间恢复性评价随视听觉环境评价的提高而提高，其中视觉环境更重要；最具有恢复性和滨水特点的视觉要素是水鸟、亲水平台等，听觉要素是蛙鸣声、水流声等，适度添加这些元素可以提高城市滨水空间的恢复性评价。

A Social Survey on the Visual and Auditory Factors Influencing Restorative Perceptions of Urban Waterfront Spaces

Several studies have noted that restorative urban environments could reduce psychological fatigue and promote physiological health. However, the "restorativeness" of urban waterfront spaces has not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, a questionnaire survey was conducted along the Haihe River in Tianjin, China, based on the restorative environment theory. This was done to explore the restorative evaluations of urban waterfront spaces with different degrees of artificiality, the impact of visual and auditory perceptions, and the specific visual and auditory elements that show restorative potentials. Results showed that the urban waterfront space with a higher degree of artificiality received the poorest restorative evaluations. However, the restorative evaluations could be improved through a proper audiovisual design in highly artificial waterfronts. Further, the restorative evaluation of urban waterfront spaces increases as the visual and auditory evaluations increase, and the visual evaluation was more important. Furthermore,auditory elements (such as a frog croaking or water flowing) and visual elements (such as anglers and a waterside deck) were reported to be the most typical and restorative elements that could be used to improve the "restorativeness" of urban waterfront spaces.