钢结构失稳监测方法和失稳监控部件研究

为了预防钢结构发生灾难性失稳破坏,根据结构失稳与结构响应或特征参数之间的关系,将目前应用于结构健康监测和损伤诊断的方法扩展到钢结构失稳监测领域;评述并归纳了基于应变和位移变化趋势、基于振动-失稳相关性、基于薄壳体积改变率、基于失稳先兆的钢结构失稳监测方法;进一步对3种钢结构失稳监控部件进行了概念设计,包括钢套管压力监控、节点塌陷监控、坦拱和扁壳跃越失稳监控;总结了各种监测方法的特点和存在的问题。

Research on Instability Monitoring Methods and Instability Monitoring Components for Steel Structures

In order to prevent the catastrophic instabilities damage of steel structures,the methods of structural health monitoring and damage diagnostics were extended into the field of instability monitoring of steel structures,based on the relationships between structural instabilities and structural responses or their characteristic parameters.The methods of instability monitoring of steel structures were overviewed and classified as monitoring based on the varying tendencies of strains and displacements,monitoring based on the correlations between vibration and instabilities,monitoring based on the varying rates of the enclosed volume of thin shells,and monitoring and controlling based on the portents of instabilities.Furthermore,conceptual designs of three instability monitoring components were illustrated briefly,including compression-force monitoring of steel sleeving members,joint-dent monitoring of shallow arches and reticulated shells,snap-through instability monitoring of shallow arches and shells.Finally,the characteristics and existing problems of instability monitoring methods were summarized.