地下生态城市与深地生态圈战略构想及其关键技术展望

现代城市正以超高层和摊大饼式发展,容易造成环境污染、资源短缺、交通拥堵、房价高企等城市综合性症,严重制约城市化健康发展。21世纪是人类开发利用地下空间的世纪,然而当前主要停留在单一功能、无序化、局部区域被动式相对粗放开发阶段,难以实现当代城市的可持续发展。未来地下空间开发、利用总体上将由被动式转为主动式的科学化、生态化、综合化、深层化和信息化发展,提出地下空间开发必须遵守的基本原则,以及深地发展1.0~5.0时代的不同阶段、不同层次开发顶级构想及深地发展战略蓝图。基于深地空间独特的环境清洁、隔音隔震、天然抗灾、低本底无辐射、恒温恒湿等优势,提出集深地生态圈、深地多元能源生成及循环体系、深地废料无害化处理与存储系统于一体的自平衡多层地下生态城市空间利用及其相关颠覆性技术构想,构建深地人类定居、养生、生产、科学研究全链条生态圈及地下生态城市,实现向地下要空间,向深地要资源。从根本上缓解人口规模的激增与城市地面空间资源相对短缺之间的矛盾,是人类未来实现可持续发展的重要举措。

The subversive idea and its key technical prospect on underground ecological city and ecosystem

Modern cities have been expanded rapidly and crowded with skyscrapers，which inevitably yields severe environmental pollution，resource shortage，traffic conjunction and exorbitant housing prices. These urban problems have significantly restricted the healthy development of urbanization. The 21st century is marked by the anthropogenic utilization of underground space，but the sustainable development is confined by the current passive and extensive underground exploitations in a single-function and disorderly manner. The mode of exploitation and utilization in the foreseeable future should be changed from the passive to an active manner with the features to be ecologically，integrated，deeper and informational. In this study，some key principles for underground space exploitation were proposed. The different stages for deep earth science from era 1.0–5.0，the corresponding top plan conception and strategic blueprint were presented. Taking the unique advantages of the deep space，such as the clean environment，sound and quake insolation，natural disaster prevention，low background radiation and constant temperature and humidity，the idea and associated subversive technology have also been proposed with the aim to utilize the underground space for self-balancing and multi-layered ecological city through the deep underground energy resource generation and recycling system，harmless treatment and storage system of wastes in deep underground circumstances. The deep underground city with the full-chain deep underground ecosystem will be constructed with the capacity for settlement，health-care，manufacturing and scientific research. These functions will realize the prospect of utilizing the space and resources from the underground. The idea of underground cities and ecosystems will fundamentally relieve the conflict between the rapid population growth and relative shortage of surface land resources，which will be an important step to realize the sustainable development of human society in the future.