深部采动底板突水模拟试验系统的研制与应用

针对深部采动岩体"三高一扰动"地质围岩特殊问题,为研究岩体固流耦合条件下破坏演变规律、监测矿井底板突水灾变通道演变过程中的多场信息,自行研制深部采动高水压底板突水相似模拟试验系统。该系统主要包括试验台系统、伺服加载系统、水压控制系统和电脑信息采集系统,最大模型铺设尺寸为1 200 mm×800 mm×1 600 mm(长×宽×高)。试验系统中,水平压力和竖直压力由伺服加载装置实现,侧向和竖向加载单元最大荷载可达300 k N,作动器2个最大行程分别为200和400 mm,位移传感器量程达30 mm;最大水压力达1.5 MPa,由伺服稳压系统实现;水箱上出水孔处均匀安置96个光纤传感器,用以检测水压力和流量变化。该系统克服以往试验台可视度低、保压性弱、自动化程度低的问题,具有多样性、可靠性、全过程等特点,系统体积小、精度高、操作简便,适用于深部开采突水物理模拟及相关岩体固流耦合等问题。

DEVELOPMENT OF FLOOR WATER INVASION OF MINING INFLUENCE SIMULATION TESTING SYSTEM AND ITS APPLICATION

A larger similar physical model experiment system for floor high water inrush in deep mining is developed to solve special problems in deep rock mining，such as the high in-situ stress，the high ground temperature，the high hydraulic pressure and the dynamic disturbance，and it also provide information on landslide evolution law and the evolution process of inrush water channel under the conditions solid fluid coupling of rock. The mainly parts of this design are test bench system，servo loading system，hydraulic control system and computer information collection system. Its maximum three-dimensional size is 1 200 mm×800 mm×1 600 mm. The horizontal and vertical pressures of this experiment system are realized by closed circuit servo-loading devices with the maximum charge of 300 kN，the actuator?s maximum stroke are 200 and 400 mm respectively and the displacement sensor reached to 30 mm；the maximum water pressure reached to 1.5 MPa is realized by servo-regulator system；96 fiber optic sensors are set on the hole at the water tank to detect changes of water pressure and flow. Has been overcome problems of low visibility and degree of automation、pressure weakly of previous test system，this simulated experiment system shows characteristics of diversity、reliability and the whole process. Therefore，with the advantages of small，high precision and simple operation，this system suitable to solve problems such as the physical simulation of floor water invasion，solid-fluid coupling of rock in deep mining and so on.