深部倾斜岩层巷道非对称变形机制及控制对策

 针对深部倾斜岩层巷道围岩在开挖支护后所表现出的非对称变形破坏现象，对其变形破坏机制及耦合控制对策进行了数值模拟与工程应用研究。研究结果表明，深部倾斜岩层巷道断面与岩层倾斜方向的钝角部位是产生非对称变形破坏的关键部位；非对称变形破坏的机制主要表现为受岩体结构的非对称性影响而产生的层间剪切滑移变形机制及高应力扩容变形机制等差异性变形机制。基于上述研究，提出非对称耦合控制对策，即在锚网索耦合支护的基础上，利用锚索、底角锚杆等对产生差异性变形破坏的关键部位进行加强支护，从而达到控制巷道非对称变形的目的。数值模拟与工程应用结果表明，采用非对称耦合支护形式，可以有效地消除巷道围岩关键部位产生的差异性变形，巷道围岩稳定性大大提高。

ASYMMETRIC DEFORMATION MECHANISM WITHIN INCLINED ROCK STRATA INDUCED BY EXCAVATION IN DEEP ROADWAY AND ITS CONTROLLING COUNTERMEASURES

The asymmetric deformation characteristics of surrounding rock after excavating and supporting of deep roadway within inclined rock strata，its failure mechanism and coupling control countermeasure are investigated by numerical simulations. Some typical applications of engineering cases are also presented. It is indicated that the deformation failure is significantly influenced by a key position of obtuse angle between roadway sections and incline directions of rock strata. Its failure mechanism can be explained by the discrepancy of deformation between interlayer shearing slip and high-stress squeezing，which is induced by the asymmetric structure of rock masses. For reducing the effect of asymmetric deformation，the asymmetric coupling control countermeasure is put forward based on the research result，which means that the key position of surrounding rock that may produce deformation discrepancy should be reinforced by anchor cable and floor bolt after bolt-net- anchor coupling support. Through numerical simulations and engineering applications，it is demonstrated that the strategy of asymmetric coupling support can definitely decrease the discrepancy deformation at the key position of surrounding rock and effectively enhance the stability of roadway surrounding rock masses.