军体训练馆建筑设计及其教学探索

随着训练内容与强度逐渐深入，部队亟需全天候的训练场所，军体训练馆的建设越发迫切。但目前尚缺乏对其功能构成和空间形态的深入研究，教学中亦少有涉及。针对其建筑功能构成既与民用体育建筑有相似之处，又具有军事功能需求的特色，探索其建筑设计与教学的目标、内容及侧重点具有重要意义。通过分析，明确这一建筑类型建筑设计要点为多尺度空间组合套叠，建筑技术要求特殊，并以此培养学生多尺度空间组合与建筑结构观念及建筑结构造型能力。结合某军种室内军体训练项目需求，通过分析室内射击训练场、游泳训练场和军体综合训练馆的教学内容，提炼出适合军事训练需求的各项空间尺度、质量以及建筑结构、设备等基本要求，并明确其教学要点，归纳教学实践经验，以期为军体训练馆建筑设计与教学提供理论支撑。

Architectural design and teaching practices of military fitness training gym

The construction of all-weather training spaces, particularly military fitness training gyms, is in urgent demand along with the increase of military training items and intensity. However, few studies and teaching activities have been carried out to explore the functional components and spatial patterns of such buildings. Military fitness training gyms share similarities to their civil fitness counterparts on one hand and serve military purposes on the other. It is therefore crucial to identify the goals, contents and focuses of the architectural design and teaching practices of the military fitness training gyms. In light of the multi-dimensional spatial structures and the special requirements for architectural skills, students should be trained to re-arrange the space multi-dimensionally, master the structural concepts of buildings and model the architectural patterns. Taking the requirements of a particular indoor military fitness training item as an example, this paper analyses the design of the indoor shooting training center, the swimming training center and the comprehensive training center, draws the basic requirements related to spatial scale, quality, architectural structure and equipment for military training, defines the teaching contents, and summarizes teaching experience from practices, thus providing theoretical reference for the architectural design and teaching practices of military fitness training gyms.