公路隧道集中排烟道排烟阀结构设计参数研究

针对某大断面公路盾构隧道火灾烟气控制工程实际,为了优化设计公路隧道集中排烟模式下排烟阀结构参数,采用火灾动力学模拟软件FDS构建了隧道数值模型,并根据公路隧道的通行车辆种类、火灾类型和火灾规模,选择了隧道火灾典型场景,设计了集中排烟模式下单向及双向排烟时相应的火灾工况,通过提取隧道顶隔板下方温度场、行车道2 m高处能见度以及排烟阀流速等数据,分析了双向排烟时特定排烟阀面积下不同排烟阀结构形状对隧道火灾排烟效果的影响,进而探讨了单向排烟方式下不同排烟阀面积时的隧道火灾排烟效果。在此基础上,获得了隧道集中排烟模式下合理的排烟阀面积、排烟阀结构形状等设计参数。

Study on Structure Parameters Design of Highway Tunnel Exhaust Inlets under Central Smoke Extraction System

For fire smoke control engineering practice of a large cross-section road shield tunnel,in order to optimize the structure parameters design of road tunnel exhaust inlets under central smoke extraction mode,a numerical model of the road tunnel was built by using the fire dynamics simulation software FDS.Typical scene of the tunnel fire was selected according to vehicle type,fire type and fire scale in highway tunnel.And different fire conditions under uni-directional and bi-directional smoke exhaust mode were designed.The temperature field below separator of tunnel,visibility at height of 2 m in roadway and velocity of exhaust inlets were extracted,then influence of exhaust inlet with specific areas and different structural shapes on smoke extraction effect under bi-directional smoke exhaust mode was analyzed by using the fire dynamics simulation software FDS.At the same time,smoke extraction effect of tunnel fire with different exhaust inlets areas under uni-directional smoke exhaust mode was investigated.Based on what have done above,structure parameters such as reasonable exhaust inlets area and structural shape of tunnel exhaust inlets under central smoke extraction system were achieved.