隧道复杂岩溶形态的分类与处治技术

为了应对在喀斯特地区修建铁路隧道所面临的复杂岩溶形态的处治困难问题,通过调研岩溶隧道结构分析方法的发展现状,综述了当前岩溶隧道的主要处治技术方法。以商合杭铁路太湖山隧道为工程实例,通过统计施工和勘察中遇到的各种形态的溶洞几何参数,以隧道与溶洞的相对位置关系对复杂形态溶洞进行分类,并对其中典型的三种类型溶洞,从围岩塑性区的分布和经济指标两个方面来说明岩溶处治方案的选择应遵循安全、经济的原则。最后,针对当前岩溶隧道的建设趋势,总结了岩溶处治是一项复杂的技术,应因地制宜,综合处治;注浆加固技术是仍是目前处治岩溶最为有效的措施,应当作为首要的考虑方法。

CLASSIFICATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF TREATMENT FOR COMPLEX KARST ENCOUNTERED IN TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION

To deal with the difficult problem of complex karst formation in the construction of railway tunnel in karst area,the main treatment technology and methods of karst tunnel are summarized by investigating the development status of the karst tunnel structure analysis method.Taking the Tai Hushan Railway of Shang Hehang as an example,the statistical cavern geometry parameters encountered in construction and survey are counted,and the complex karst caves are classified according to the relative positional relationship between tunnels and caverns.Specifically,for the typical three types of caverns,the choice of karst treatment plan should follow the principle of safety and economy from two aspects which are the distribution of plastic zone in surrounding rock and the economic indicators.Finally,according to the current trend of construction of karst tunnels,it is concluded that the karst tunnel treatment is a complex technology,which should be comprehensively adapted to certain conditions.To sum up,grouting reinforcement technology is still the most effective measure to treat karst at present and should be the primary consideration.