城市公园生态系统文化服务的公众感知研究——以济南市主城区城市公园为例

城市公园作为连接人与自然生态系统的纽带,提供着重要的生态系统服务。研究不同使用者对生态系统文化服务的感知,对优化公园设计和提升服务质量具有重要的指导意义。以济南市主城区城市公园为例,利用重要性–满意度分析方法,研究了济南市本地居民与外地游客对城市公园文化服务的感知。从公众感知结果来看,主城区城市公园的教育和知识、文化遗产、社会关系与场所感应重点提升,本地居民与外地游客对文化服务的感知具有明显差异;从不同类型公园的感知结果来看,综合公园的满意度均值略低于重要性均值,专类公园的满意度均值高于重要性均值,各类型的公园都有低满意度的文化服务。基于此,针对公众感知结果中满意度较低的服务和各类型公园的薄弱项分别提出了文化服务提升策略。研究表明:公众感知研究能够对自上而下的规划过程进行有益补充,重要性–满意度分析方法具有普适性和易操作性。

Public Perception of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Urban Parks: A Case Study of Urban Parks of Jinan City Proper

As a link between humans and the natural ecosystem, urban parks provide significant ecosystem services. Studying the perceptions of different users over cultural ecosystem services is of great guiding significance to optimize park design and improve the service quality. Taking the parks in the Jinan City Proper as examples, this research adopts the importance-satisfaction analysis method to study the perceptions of local residents and non-local tourists on the cultural services of urban parks. It discloses that from the perspective of public perception results, priority should be given to improve the education and knowledge, cultural heritage, social relations, and sense of place of urban parks in the main urban areas, and local residents and non-local tourists differ significantly in their perception of the cultural services. From the perceptual results of various types of parks, the mean satisfaction value of comprehensive parks is slightly lower than the mean importance value, the mean satisfaction value of specialized parks is higher than the mean importance value, and all types of parks have service types of low satisfaction. Based on this, it proposes promotion strategies of cultural services respectively for the low-satisfaction services of public perception and the weaknesses of various types of parks. This research shows that urban public perception research can complement the top-down planning process, and the importance-satisfaction analysis method is universal and easy to operate.