“西湖文化”的生态智慧及其现实意义探索

“西湖文化”是以西湖水利工程为核心，涵盖水利建设、风景营造、游赏组织及产业发展等“社会-经济-自然”复合因子的文化综合体，是中国水利社会文化背景下的普遍性风景符号。结合《永乐大典》36个城市的西湖历史文献整理，围绕建设动因、选址、布局等关键因子统计，系统总结了在多元建设目标、城市水系组织、风景园林要素等方面的“西湖文化”生态智慧经验。并在分析相关典型城市西湖风景营建的基础上，提出西湖文化基于人与自然、社会共生互融的整体环境观和基于地域适应性的风景调和能力，对营造生态持续、人文健康的山水城市有着实践的指导意义。

The Ecological Wisdom and Practical Significance of "West Lake Culture"

The West Lake culture, in which the water conservancy acts as the core, is a cultural complex composite factor of ＂society - economy - nature＂ covering water conservancy construction, landscape and tour the organization and industrial development and it is also the universal symbol under the social and cultural background of Chinese water conservancy. Based on the analysis of the documents of West Lakes of 36 cities from The Yongle Canon, this article systematically induced the ecological wisdom and experience of the West Lake in aspects of Multivariate Construction Goals, City Water System, Landscape Architecture Elements etc. around some key-factors, such as construction agents, site selection and layout. On the basis of analyzing some typical west Lake landscape-construction of other cities, the author proposed the westlake cultural integrated environment view based on the harmony of people, nature and the society and the scenery regulation based on geographical adaptability, which plays an practice guiding role in constructing a shanshui city of ecological sustainability and humanistic well-being.