遮阳系数对供暖与空调能耗影响差异的逐时解析

以中国福州为例，从当地逐时气象数据入手，分析了建筑空调负荷及供暖负荷的所有时刻对应的逐时太阳辐射，用特征温度法研究当遮阳系数减小时各时刻建筑的空调与供暖能耗及相对变化(节能率)情况。研究发现，由于冬季有太阳辐射各时刻的供暖能耗相对于无太阳辐射各时刻能耗比例很小，故遮阳措施对供暖总能耗的影响不显著，从而证明DOE-2关于冬季遮阳系数减小对供暖能耗影响的结论值得商榷；由于夏季有太阳辐射各时刻空调能耗远大于无太阳辐射各时刻空调能耗，故遮阳措施对空调总能耗及节能率的影响非常显著，DOP2软件与特征温度法的结果是正确的；通过对福州全年各时刻空调供暖能耗、建筑负荷及节能率进行解析，揭示了看起来很分散的各时刻能耗及节能率差异数据总体上遵循的某种共性规律，供同行参考。

Hourly analysis of the influence of shading coefficient on heating and cooling energy consumption

Taking Fuzhou,China as an example and starting with its hourly meteorological data,analyses the hourly solar radiation in all hours with building cooling/heating load and studies the hourly cooling and heating energy consumption and its relative variation rate (energy efficient rate) of the building by using the characterized temperature method when shading coefficient decreases. Finds that the proportion of the heating energy consumption in all the hours with solar radiation in winter to the annual heating needs is small,the influence of shading measures on the annual total heating energy consumption is not significant. Thus the predictions of DOE-2 on the effect of shading measures on the annual heating energy consumption deserve questioning. However,the proportion of the cooling needs of each hour with solar radiation in summer to the annual total cooling needs is large,therefore the influence of shading measures on the annual cooling energy consumption and its RVRs is great. Therefore the predictions of DOE-2 and CTM are both reasonable. By making hourly analyses of the cooling and heating energy consumption,building load and its energy efficient rate in all hours year around in Fuzhou, finds that the energy consumption and energy efficient effects have great difference in different hours and the data seems very dispersed,but they still follow a certain law as a whole. Reveals the common rule for reference of professionals.