地球物理方法在古河道探测中的应用综述

古河道的探测对于防震减灾、城市规划和地下水资源合理开发利用具有重要意义。地球物理方法与以往常规方法相比,大大提高了古河道探测的精度和深度,具有成本低、效率高的优点。本文介绍了近年来古河道探测采用的电测深法、高密度电法、瞬变电磁法、探地雷达、地震影像法、地震属性分析、地震沉积学等方法的基本原理与应用概况,为今后古河道探测方法的选择提供借鉴经验。针对古河道的埋藏深度与地质特征,一方面需要确定不同物探方法的有效性,另一方面需要采取综合物探方法进行探测,以提高古河道识别的准确性。

A review of the application of geophysical methods in the exploration of ancient channels

Exploration of ancient channels is of great significance for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, urban planning and rational exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources. Compared with the conventional methods, the geophysical method greatly improves the accuracy and depth of palaeochannel detection, and has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency. This paper introduces the basic principles and applications of the methods used in the exploration of palaeochannels in recent years, such as electrical sounding, high-density electrical method, transient electromagnetic method, ground penetrating radar (GPR), seismic imaging method, seismic attribute analysis and seismic sedimentology. In view of the buried depth and geological characteristics of ancient channels, it is necessary to determine the effectiveness of different geophysical exploration methods on the one hand, and adopt comprehensive geophysical exploration methods on the other hand to improve the accuracy of ancient channel identification.