应对方式和社会支持与高血压病患者合并焦虑、抑郁的关系

目的 探讨应对方式和社会支持与高血压病患者合并焦虑、抑郁的关系.方法 由经过训练的心理治疗师对100例高血压病患者进行面对面访谈.访谈中,采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）和汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）对100例患者进行评定、分析.访谈后,将100例患者按HAMA及HAMD的评分标准分为2组：疾病组HAMA≥8分和（或）HAMD≥8分,48例]和对照组（HAMA＜8分、HAMD＜8分,52例）.采用特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）对2组进行评定、分析.结果 疾病组的消极应对得分显著高于对照组,积极应对、主观支持和对支持的利用度得分均显著低于对照组（均P＜0.01）;疾病组的客观支持得分与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 高血压病患者合并焦虑、抑郁的发生率高.积极应对不足,并常采用消极应对的高血压病患者合并焦虑、抑郁可能性大,提高高血压患者的主观社会支持和对支持的利用度可能有助于促进其身心健康.

Relationships of Coping Style and Social Support to Anxiety or/and Depression in Patients with Hypertension

Objective To study the relationships of coping style and social support to anxiety or/and depression in patients with hypertension. Methods One hundred patients with hyperten- sion were interviewed by trained psychotherapist and were evaluated using Hamilton Anxiety Scale（HAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale（HAMD）. After interviews, these patients were di- vided into two groups according to the scores of HAMA and HAMD：disease group（HAMAn8 or/and HAMD ≥8,n=48） and control group（HAMAn8 and HAMD〈8, n= 52）. Patients were assessed using Trait Coping Style Questionnaire（TCSQ） and Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）. Results Compared with control group,positive coping scores,subjective support scores and social support use scores decreased, but passive coping scores increased in disease group （P〈0.01）. There were no significant differences in objective support scores between the two groups（P〉 0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of anxiety or/and depression is high among patients with hypertension. The lack of positive coping and the use of passive coping styles are vulnerable to anxiety or/and depression in patients with hypertension. The improvement in subjective social support and support availability may help to promote physical and mental health in patients with hypertension.