北京市延庆地区水泉沟村车道沟泥石流发育特征及动力学研究

本文以北京市延庆地区水泉沟村车道沟泥石流沟为研究对象,通过泥石流精细调查及资料统计,研究该泥石流发育特征和形成条件,在分析流域内松散堆积物补给特征的基础上,综合研究了该泥石流的动力学特征,进而开展泥石流危险区预测评价,提出相应的防治措施建议。研究结果表明:该泥石流沟内可参与泥石流活动的松散堆积物动储量为20.79×10^(4)m^(3),分为冲洪积、残坡积、人工堆积和崩滑塌等4种补给来源,其中人工堆积所占比重最大;经动力学分析,洪峰流量值在10年一遇的降雨条件下为17.03m^(3)/s,20年一遇的降雨条件下为19.21m^(3)/s,50年一遇的降雨条件下为22.10m^(3)/s,100年一遇的降雨条件下为24.28m^(3)/s,一次固体冲出总量分别为0.55×10^(4)m^(3)、0.63×10^(4)m^(3)、0.72×10^(4)m^(3)、0.79×10^(4)m^(3),属于小型泥石流,最大危险区面积为0.2763km2。通过评价分析,该泥石流沟仍存在爆发小型泥石流的可能性,将对下游车道沟村以及行车和行人的生命财产安全造成威胁。研究成果可为延庆地区该类泥石流单沟预警模型研究和灾害防治提供科学依据。

Development characteristics and dynamics of debris flow in Chedaogou of Shuiquangou village, Yanqing District, Beijing

In this paper, the debris flow gully in Chedaogou of Shuiquangou village, Yanqing District, Beijing is taken as the research object. According to detailed investigation and data statistics of debris flow, the development characteristics and formation conditions of debris flow are studied. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the supply of loose deposits in the basin, the dynamic characteristics of debris flow are studied comprehensively, the prediction and evaluation of debris flow risk areas are carried out, and the corresponding suggestions for prevention and control measures are put forward. The results show that the dynamic reserves of loose deposits that can participate in debris flow activities in the debris flow gully are 20.79×10^4m3, which can be divided into four kinds of supply sources, i.e. alluvial-diluvial, eluvial-colluvial, artificial accumulation and collapses and landslides, among which the proportion of artificial accumulation is the largest; Based on dynamic analysis, the peak flow value is 17.03 m³/s under the condition of once-in-10-year rainfall,19.21 m³/s under the condition of once-in-20-year rainfall, 22.10 m³/s under the condition of once-in-50-year rainfall, and 24.28 m³/s under the condition of once-in-100-year rainfall. The total amount of one-time solid flushing is 0.55×10⁴ m³, 0.63×10⁴ m³, 0.72×10⁴ m³ and 0.79×10⁴ m³ respectively. It belongs to small debris flow, and the area of the most dangerous area is 0.2763 km². Through the evaluation and analysis, there stillexists the possibility of small-scale debris flow in the gully, which will threaten the life and property safety, as well as the traffic and pedestrians in the downstream of Chedaogou village. The research results can provide scientific basis for the research of early warning model and disaster prevention and control for debris flow of this kind in Yanqing area.