脑梗死复发的危险因素分析

目的探讨脑梗死复发的危险因素,并提出二级预防方法。方法对资料完整的522例脑梗死患者进行回顾性分析。结果首次发病年龄、性别、既往短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）史、高血压病史、糖尿病史、高脂血症、服抗血小板聚集药及嗜烟与脑梗死复发相关（P〈0.05）;年龄≥45岁者复发高于〈45岁者（P〈0.05）;嗜烟≥10年者复发高于嗜烟〈10年者（P〈0.01）;服抗血小板聚集药患者的脑梗死复发率低于与未服抗血小板聚集药患者（P〈0.01）;服抗血小板聚集药≥2年的患者复发率低于服抗血小板聚集药〈2年的患者（P〈0.01）。结论脑梗死复发的危险因素的主要是首次发病年龄、TIA史、高血压病史、糖尿病史、高脂血症及嗜烟者;年龄≥45岁、嗜烟≥10年的脑梗死患者更易复发;服抗血小板聚集药可减少复发率,服药时间≥2年效果更好;对脑梗死患者应控制危险因素,服抗血小板聚集药预防复发。

Risk Factors for Recurrence of Cerebral Infarction

Objective To investigate the risk factors for recurrence of cerebral infarction and to propose secondary prevention methods.Methods Data of 522 patients with cerebral infarction were retrospectively analyzed.Results Recurrence of cerebral infarction was correlated with the following factors：age,gender,history of TIA,history of hypertension,history of diabetes hyperlipidemia,antiplatelet aggregation drugs and smoking.（P〈0.05）.The recurrence rate in patients 45 years old or older was higher than that in patients below 45 years old（P〈0.05）.The recurrence rate in patients who smoked for more than 10 years was higher than that in patients who smoked for less than 10 years（P〈0.01）.The recurrence rate in patients who took the antiplatelet aggregation drugs was significantly different from patients who did not took the drugs（P〈0.01）.The recurrence rate in the patients who took the antiplatelet aggregation drugs for more than 2 years was significantly different from patients who took the antiplatelet aggregation drugs for less than 2 years（P〈0.01）.Conclusion The main risk factors for recurrence of cerebral infarction include：age of onset,history of TIA,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,and smoking.The recurrence rate is higher in the patients over 45 years of age and smoke for more than 10 years.Antiplatelet aggregation drugs can reduce the recurrence rate,and it is better to take the drugs for more than 2 years.The patients with cerebral infraction should control the risk factors and take antiplatelet aggregation drugs to prevent the recurrence.