全科型卫生院辖区居民家庭对便携式药包的需求评估

目的了解全科型乡镇卫生院辖区农村居民对便携式药包的需求，为科学设计适合全科型地区农村居民使用的便携式药包提供依据。方法采用单纯随机抽样与整群抽样相结合的方法，对湖南、宁夏与江苏省3个全科型卫生院所辖150户户主对便携式药包的需求进行调查与分析。结果农村居民对便携式药包的需求率为83．3％。125户需求者期望便携式药包能储存的主要药品为：感冒药（95．2％）、创口贴（68．0％）、清凉油（44．0％）、风油精（35．2％）、高血压用药（21．6％）、碘酊（14．4％）；期望能储存的主要器械为体温计（79．2％）、棉签（68．8％）、血压计（23．2％）；期望其大小为：长（25．94±10．95）cm，宽（18．59±10．24）cm，高（16．73±11．76）cm。期望其主要的功能特点为适用（76．0％）、安全（60．8％）、轻便（41．6％）、经济（45．6％）、防水（34．4％）、简单（26．4％），期望其价格主要为11～20元占53．6％；对材质需求主要倾向于硬材料者占80．0％，并把塑料作为原材料的首选。结论全科型卫生院辖区农村居民对便携式药包的需求率较高，便携式药包的设计与制作应充分满足农村居民的需求，只有尊重市场需求，才能保证便携式药包推广使用。

Demands of Households for Portable Medical Kits in Areas of Comprehensive-type Township Hospitals

Objective To understand the demands of rural residents for portable medical kits in areas of comprehensive-type township hospitals, and to provide the basis for scientific design of family portable medical kits suitable for use with rural residents in areas of comprehensive-type township hospitals. Methods Simple random sampling and cluster sampling were used to investi- gate and analyze the demands of 150 households for portable medical kits in areas of 3 comprehen sive-type township hospitals in Hunan,Ningxia and Jiangsu provinces. Results The demand rate of rural residents for portable medical kits was 83.3%. A total of 125 households expected cold medicine （95.2%） ,wound paste （68.0%） ,cooling oil （44.0%） ,essential balm （35.2%） ,antihy pertensive （21.6%） ,iodine tincture（14.4%） ,thermometer （79.2%） ,cotton swab （68.8%） and sphygmomanometer （23.2%） to be placed into the portable medical kits. The size of the family portable medical kit was expected to be （25.94±10.95）cm length, （18.59±10.24）cm width and （16.73±11.76） cm height. The main functions of portable medical kits were expected to be applicable（76.0%） ,safe（60.8%）, lightweight （41.6%）, economic（45.6%）, waterproof（34.4% ） and simple（26.4%）. The price of portable medical kits was expected to be 11-12 yuan（53.6%）. A total of 80.0% of the demanders tended to select hard materials, especially plastics. Conclusion The demand rate of portable medical kits is higher among rural residents in areas of 3 comprehen- sive-type township hospitals. The design and production of portable medical kits should be suffi cient to satisfy the needs of rural residents, portable medical kits can be popularized only by respecting the market demand.