材份制形成之探讨

中国有着悠久的建筑历史，是最早应用木结构建筑的国家之一。“材”本是指木结构中的矩形截面枋料，发展到北宋，“材”成为中国古代建筑设计及建造使用的一种模数单位。“材”的1／15被定义为1份，以材份为基础形成的材份制在中国建筑史上有着重大意义，是中国古代建筑技艺日益成熟的表现。在李诫主编的《营造法式》中，材份制作为法规被详细地制定，在全国范围内应用。然而对于材份制的成因学术界莫衰一是。该文从材截面高宽比及材等划分两个方面，对材份制成因进行探讨，提出若干见解。

Discussion on Caifen System Formation

China has a long history of building and is one of the counties which are earliest application of wood construction. Primitively, Cai refers to rectangular section lumber of timberwork. In the northern Song dynasty, Caifen had been used as a modulus unit in housing design and construction of the ancient Chinese. 1/15 of 1 Cai is defined as 1 Fen. Caifen System based on Caifen is of great significance in the history of Chinese architecture. It showed that Chinese ancient build technology increasingly matured. In the ＂Codes of Construetion＂ Lijie edited, Caifen System is formulated in detail as codes. It was widely used in the country. However, there is no agreement for the formation of Caifen System in academia. In this paper, a discussion on Caifen System conformation is raised from two aspects of aspect ratio and levels of Caifen, then some views are proposed.