预制构件生产阶段碳排放数据库系统设计

建筑工业化作为促进建筑业可持续发展重要途径之一，建立一套面向预制构件的碳排放监测与分析计算系统对于建 筑业节能减排具有重要意义。为了形成预制构件出厂的有效碳标识，形成了一套预制构件的生产阶段碳排放因子的核算、采 集与生成规则，设计了一套面向预制构件生产阶段的碳排放数据库系统。通过从架设在预制构件厂的信息物理融合系统 （CPS）后台数据库提取碳排放活动数据，向基于仿真平台的使用者提供构件各个生产环节的实时碳排放量及最终沉淀值， 形成预制构件碳排放因子数据库，成为低碳施工全生命周期碳标识形成的关键一环。同时，使用者可实时监测预制构件生产 过程中各个步骤的相关碳排放活动及其占比，为节能减排工作中生产过程的优化决策与控制提供数据基础。该数据库目前已 完成原型设计并通过了可操作性测试认证，同步完成了 Web 端的计算结果校核，最终形成了一套中国本土化的预制构件生 产阶段碳排放数据实时采集及统计计算系统——碳测芯，达到了预制构件出厂碳标识确定的目的。

System Design of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Database for Manufacturing Prefabricated Components

Off-site construction is an effective method to achieve construction sustainability，it is of great significance to monitor and calculate greenhouse gas（GHG）emissions for prefabricated components. This study proposes a database system to monitor and automatically calculate emissions in real time when manufacturing prefabricated components，which aims to contribute to forming GHG emissions labels for prefabricated components. In this system，cyber physical system（CPS）is adopted to identify the component ID and measure the running time of each equipment according to the calculation rules，and the corresponding material and energy usage data is extracted at the same time. A simulation model is developed to realize data transmission from production line to computing platform. The results can help project teams to obtain emissions in time during manufacturing process. In addition， the monitoring results are visually presented and a database for the optimal decision-making and control of the processes is provided in this model. At present，the database system has completed the prototype design and the results of which have been tested on the Web side. Finally，this system that can realize data collection and statistical calculation in real time has formed a set of GHG emission labels for the manufacture of prefabricated components.