我国高铁车站选址与接驳交通研究

截止2 018年底,我国已开通高铁 2.9万公里,高铁车站超过500座。由于我国东 中西部经济社会发展极不平衡,高铁车站选 址各具特色,同时也出现一些“舍近求远”的 高铁车站选址“怪象”,没有从“以人为本”的 角度对高铁车站的接驳交通进行系统规划建 设,高铁的功能作用没有得到很好发挥,旅 客出行的便利性大打折扣。为此,基于我国现 行高铁车站城市规划空间特征,本文从宏观 和中微观两个层面分析我国高铁车站的选址 特征,从战略规划、成本技术、绿色环保三 个方面阐述高铁车站选址“怪象”产生的深层 次原因,梳理影响高铁车站选址的内外部因 素,论证高铁车站合理选址的原则、方法与 策略;探讨高铁车站选址与接驳交通体系的 关系,提出高铁车站接驳交通一体化理念, 总结国内外高铁车站接驳交通一体化建设经 验,挖掘我国高铁车站接驳交通系统需解决 的主要问题,并以重庆西站为例,提出改善接 驳交通一体化的思考与建议。

Research on Site Selection and Connecting Traffic System of High-Speed Railway Station in China

By the end of 2018, 29,000 kilometers of high-speed rail in China had been opened, and more than 500 high-speed rail stations have been built. Due to the extremely unbalanced economic and social development of China''s eastern, central and western regions, the site selection of high-speed railway stations has its own characteristics. At the same time, some "strange phenomenon" of site selection of high-speed railway station has been present, which did not systematically plan and construct the connecting traffic of high-speed railway stations from the perspective of "people-oriented", so that the function of high-speed railway has not been well played, and the convenience of passenger travel has been greatly reduced. Therefore, based on the urban planning space characteristics of China''s high-speed railway stations, the site selection characteristics of high-speed railway stations in China have been analyzed from the macro and micro levels in this paper, and the deep-seated reasons for the site selection of the "strange phenomenon" in the high-speed railway station have been elaborated from the aspects of strategic planning, cost technology and green environmental protection. The internal and external factors affecting the location of the high-speed railway station have been sorted out, and the principles, methods and strategies for the rational location of high-speed railway stations have been demonstrated. The relationship between the site selection of high-speed railway station and the connection traffic system has been discussed, and the concept of highspeed railway station connection traffic integration has been put forward. The experience of the integration construction of high-speed railway station connecting traffic at home and abroad has been summarized, the main problems to be solved by the connecting system of high-speed railway station in China have been excavated, and suggestions have been proposed on the improvement of the integrated connecting traffic of Chongqing West Railway Station. Since the official opening of high-speed rail, the increasingly perfect high-speed rail network is promoting the implementation of regional integration strategy with urban agglomeration as the core, and high-speed rail has gradually become an important means of transportation for residents to travel between cities. However, many high-speed railway stations are located on the edge of urban planning space, and some high-speed railway stations are surrounded by a single urban planning. Through the analysis of the principles and influencing factors of high-speed railway location, this paper puts forward the theory and method of high-speed railway location and improves the strategy. By analyzing the location of high-speed rail at home and abroad, and taking Chongqing West Railway Station as an example, this paper aims to solve the main problems such as the unreasonable structure of the connection mode, the poor integration of the connection traffic and the overemphasis on the portal image of the square in front of the station. The rationality of high-speed railway station location and the integrated development level of connecting transportation are the important premise to ensure the efficient, safe and comfortable travel of passengers. This paper analyzes the location characteristics of high-speed railway stations in China from the macro and micro levels, extracts three common location types of highspeed railway stations, i.e. "city center", "city expansion" and "city periphery (suburb)", analyzes the location reasons of high-speed railway stations in China from three aspects of strategic planning, cost technology and green environmental protection, and clarifies the reasonable location of high-speed railway stations. Based on the basic principles of HSR, this paper expounds the internal and external factors that affect the site selection of HSR stations, puts forward the site selection method that combines the theoretical optimization site selection model with GIS platform and big data technology, gives the differentiated site selection strategy of HSR stations from the functional orientation, explores the relationship between the site selection of HSR stations and the connection transportation system, and summarizes the integration of the connection transportation of HSR stations abroad and abroad. Based on the construction experiences, this paper proposes the main problems to be solved in the transportation system of high-speed railway stations in China and the basic principles of the integrated transfer organization of the transportation system. The location of high-speed railway station location and connecting traffic system are mutually restricted. In the future, the influence mechanism between them can be further quantitatively analyzed, and the matching relationship between different location types and connecting traffic can be studied, so as to provide scientific guidance for the determination of station location and connecting traffic planning.