人员密集地下空间应急疏散仿真研究

为了提高地下空间密集人群紧急疏散的科学性安全性，针对轨道交通与地下空间耦合发展的城市形态演化趋势，通过文献梳理与案例分析，开展疏散风险辨识与安全评估理论研究。并利用Anylogic 平台，基于社会力模型和多主体建模方法，构建了某地铁站仿真疏散模型，开展可视化仿真和对照组实验。在站内行人密集程度达到总数1 800 人时开始紧急疏散。实验结果表明，该站现有疏散设施基本满足6 min 内安全疏散的规范要求，但存在行人异质性对疏散瓶颈形成的不利影响，而分区疏散策略有助于缓解瓶颈压力和降低拥堵风险。

Simulation of emergency evacuation from underground assembly space

In order to improve emergency evacuation capacity of densely populated underground space, under the background of coupling development of rail transit and underground space, through literature review and case analysis, investigation on evacuation risk identification and safety assessment is carried out. Using Anylogic platform, based on social force model and multi-agent modeling method, simulation and control group experiment are implemented. The experimental results show that the existing evacuation facilities of the station basically meet the 6- minute required evacuation time, where the evacuation starts when population is exceeding 1,800. It also reveals that pedestrian heterogeneity has a negative impact on the formation of evacuation bottleneck, and the zone evacuation strategy helps to alleviate the bottleneck pressure and reduce the risk of congestion as well.