动·静·显·隐:大数据在城市设计中的四种应用模式

伴随着信息化技术的不断进步,城市设计实践中也呈现出大尺度化、高颗粒化、人本量化、经验量化等新特征趋势,尤其是大数据引领的数字化技术飞速发展,在城市设计的转型与提升中具有重要的现实意义.阐述了城镇化实践对于城市设计的大数据诉求特征,在大量规划实践探索的基础上,凝练大数据面向城市设计的四种应用维度,分别为:追踪即时人群活动潮汐波动规律的动态大数据应用;精确到建筑空间基准单元的静态大数据应用;体现出民生真实空间场所感受的显性大数据应用;衍射市场营运内在规律的隐性大数据应用.并结合具体案例,说明四种维度大数据的内涵特征与应用方法,初步建立大数据在城市设计中的应用模式,并对其未来应用进行前瞻.

Dynamic-Static-Explicit-Implicit: Four Applications of Big Data in Urban Design

As the society progressively embrances information technology,urban design practice increasingly exhibit features of large scale project,high granulation,quantification of human factors and experience.Big data lead the rapid development of digital technology and has the potential to transform urban design practice.This paper expounds demands for big data in urban design situations.Based on an exploration of varied planning practices,four kinds of applications of big data are summarized:dynamic data application tracking fluctuation of human activity flows;static data application at building scale;explicit data reflecting real lived spaces;implicit data application revealing market operations.Combined with specific cases,this paper explains the connotation,characteristics and application of the four dimensions of big data,and preliminarily establishes the application paradigm of big data in urban design and its future applications.