南京明城墙周边开放空间形态研究(1930-2008年)

通过对历史地图、档案的分析,简述了1930-2008年南京城墙周边开放空间形态的变化及背景。发现:伴随着环城墙边缘带的填充和更替,开放空间日益受到压缩,边界更为明确,破碎化加剧,导致老城的景观特征有明显的转变。借鉴英国城市形态学者M.R.G.Conzen的方法,从平面、风貌和功能三个层面研究了三组开放空间在1930年和2008年的形态差别。发现:开放空间中的历史遗迹相对较少,其历史分层相对模糊;开放空间形态演变反映了城市化进程中人与自然、公共空间的关系;在快速城市化过程对城市风貌产生很大影响中,明城墙及周围开放空间对于城市风貌的整体性、持续性起到了重要作用。

The Morphology of Open Space surrounding Ming City Wall in Nanjing (1930-2008)

Based on an analysis of historical maps and archives,the paper briefly portrays the morphological changes of the open space around the Ming city wall from 1930 to 2008 and the corresponding background.With in-fill development and redevelopment of the fringe belt around the city wall,the open space has been squeezed over time and the border has become increasingly definite.The fragmentation keeps increasing and the landscape have been transformed dramatically. From the perspective of Conzenian School,the paper compares three groups of open space on three levels:plan,appearance and utilization from 1930 to 2008 and conducts landscape regionalization.The research finds that in the open space,there is comparatively less historical residue of buildings,thus its historical stratification is not so clear as the city center is.Also,its landscape regionalization is comparatively vague and vulnerable to the influence of the city wall and buildings at the border of the open space. The morphology of open space surrounding the Ming city wall mirrors the human relationship with nature and their requirement for public space in different periods. The rapid urbanization during the last 20 years has exerted certain impact on the open space and city landscape.Yet,the Ming city wall and its surrounding open space have played an essential and irreplaceable role in the integrity and persistence of the townscape of Nanjing.