中国大坝安全与风险管理的现状及其战略思考

分析了中国大坝安全管理的三个发展阶段,认为中国大坝安全保障体系正在不断加强,大坝安全管理水平已经有了大幅度提高,风险理念已经在中国得到广泛接受,风险管理技术正在日益受到重视。认为在计划经济体制向市场经济体制逐步过渡中,中国的大坝安全管理还面临着巨大的挑战:如何向市场经济体制模式过渡,政府职能和大坝业主职能如何剥离,如何走上良性循环发展的道路;从管理体制、运行机制和法规建设方面提出了应对挑战的一些战略思考和建议。

Dam safety and risk management in China and its strategic consideration

The 3 development phases of dam safety management in China are introduced.The analysis shows that the dam safety assurance system is being continuously strengthened;the dam safety management level has been substantially raised,the risk concept has been extensively accepted in China;and the daily increasing importance is being attached to the risk management techniques.During the gradual transition from the planned economy system to the market economy system,the dam safety management in China is still facing a great challenge:how to transit to the market economy mode,how to separate the functions of the government and the dam owners,and how to bring dam safety management into a route of favorable circulation.Some strategic considerations and suggestions are put forward to deal with the challenges in the management system,operation mechanism and the development of laws and regulations.