爆炸波对水泥试样损伤破坏的实验研究

通过水中爆炸波对水泥试样的损伤破坏实验来模拟水力裂缝层内爆炸采油中激波使岩石损伤开裂的现象。结果表明,试样预制剖面上的裂纹分布可以近似代表其内部的裂纹分布规律。观察到了四个破坏区域:压实破坏区、压实损伤区、拉伸损伤区和拉伸破坏区,并对这些区域特征做了详细描述;利用冲击波的相关理论,对水泥试样损伤开裂的机理做了初步分析。研究发现,裂纹的起裂扩展与水泥试样的初始损伤有密切关系;并且裂纹的形状受炸药与水泥试样尺度比值以及炸药的安放位置等条件控制。最后通过对压实破坏区渗透率实验,发现压实破坏区也有较好的渗透性,这对层内爆炸采油技术的深入研究具有重要意义。

Experimental research on damage and fracture by exploding waves on surface of samples in deep water

Based on the experiments of exploding on the surface of the cement sample, the phenomenon of the rock damage and fracture by shock waves in exploding was simulated. Through optimizing the experiment schemes and analyzing the experiment phenomenon, the damage and fracture of the cement sample by the shock waves were qualitatively and quantitatively described and explained. The damage and fracture was closely related with the initial damage, and the fracture form was closely related with the ratio of explosive and sample scale. It was shown that the fracture on the prefab section could nearly substitute the inner fracture of samples. The compressive area with finite permeability was found through simple experiments. It would be helpful to investigation of fracture in exploding.