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岩石损伤破坏过程中分形与逾渗演化特征
引用本文:梁正召,唐春安,唐世斌,徐涛,左宇军.岩石损伤破坏过程中分形与逾渗演化特征[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(9):1386-1391.
作者姓名:梁正召  唐春安  唐世斌  徐涛  左宇军
作者单位:大连理工大学海岸与近海工程国家重点实验室;东北大学工程力学研究所 辽宁大连116024;辽宁大连116024;辽宁沈阳110004;
基金项目:国家自然科学基金;国家自然科学基金;国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)
摘    要:通过细观非均匀单元破坏事件的累积来反映岩石宏观上的逐渐损伤,而通过分析破坏单元的三维空间位置来建立岩石破坏过程中的分形和逾渗模型,并采用RFPA3D软件来模拟不同随机分布的岩石在单轴加载条件下的破裂过程,研究岩石在逐渐损伤破裂过程中的微破裂的分形与逾渗演化特征。微破裂的分形和逾渗特征反映了岩石的非均匀程度,岩石损伤破裂分形维数随着均质度和单轴抗压强度的增加而变小。逾渗分析也表明,在非均匀程度较高的岩石中破坏单元分布更为弥散。当外加载荷逐渐增加时,破裂集团和分形维数都表现出逐渐增加的趋势,但外载达到临界值时,应力突然下降的同时伴随着破裂单元急剧增多、破裂集团合并减少以及微破裂、分形维数增加等突变行为。模拟结果表明,岩石破裂过程中的分形和逾渗变化的规律性并不是偶然的,不同层次(不同尺寸)的岩石材料其力学行为具有的自相似性才是问题的本质。

关 键 词:分形  逾渗  非均匀性  三维数值模拟  破坏集团  突变行为  
文章编号:1000-4548(2007)09-1386-06
修稿时间:2006-07-26

Characteristics of fractal and percolation of rocks subjected to uniaxial compression during their failure process
LIANG Zheng-zhao,TANG Chun-an,TANG Shi-bin,XU Tao,ZUO Yu-jun.Characteristics of fractal and percolation of rocks subjected to uniaxial compression during their failure process[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(9):1386-1391.
Authors:LIANG Zheng-zhao  TANG Chun-an  TANG Shi-bin  XU Tao  ZUO Yu-jun
Affiliation:1.State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China 2.Engineering Mechanics Institute Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China
Abstract:The formation process of the cracks in the rocks, including the initiation, propagation and coalescence of the micro-cracks, was of statistical fractal features. It was considered that the failure of the elements would cause acoustic emission and micro-cracks which led to gradual damage of the rocks. The fractal model and percolation model were established by statistically analyzing the spatial distribution of the failure elements and AE event locations. The evolution of fractal dimensions and percolation were obtained by simulating the failure process of the heterogeneous rock samples with a numerical code RFPA3D. The fractal and percolation features of the micro-fractures were obviously influenced by heterogeneities. During the complete loading process, the fractal dimension decreased with the increase of the heterogeneity and the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock samples. There was an increase tendency of the number of failure clusters and fractal dimensions at the first loading stage. When the peak value of the loading was reached, the fractal dimensions increased to a certain value and the number of the failure clusters abruptly decreased due to the combination of the small failure clusters into large clusters. It was shown that the fractal and percolation features were formed due to the self-familiarity of the rock materials at different scale levels.
Keywords:fractal  percolation  heterogeneity  three-dimensional numerical simulation  failure cluster  catastrophic behavior
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