近代内陆自建公园营造的“自在”与 “自为”——以西安莲湖公园为例

西安莲湖公园是近代西北地区最早进行系统建设的 自建公园之一,其早期持续的营建活动不仅是近代内陆园林转 型历程的一个缩影,也展现出不同于沿海开埠地区城市公园的 鲜明特色。为探求近代内陆自建公园营造在“西风东渐”文化 冲击下的自主探索与能动受纳,引入“自在”与“自为”这一 对概念,系统梳理近代时期莲湖公园由整备、营造、修葺到重 建4个阶段中“自在”的营建特征和“自为”的主导观念,借 此总结近代自建公园营建之客观内涵背后的能动本质,以史为 鉴反思近代公园建设发展的经验教训,也为新时代的公园更新 提供更多参照。

The Being-in-itself and the Being-for-itself of Inland Self-built Parks in the Early-Modern Times: A Case Study of Xi'an Lianhu Park

Xi''an Lianhu Park was one of the first systematically constructed parks in northwestern China. Its continuous construction activities not only recorded the development process of the inland selfbuilt parks, but also showed different characteristics from the city parks in the coastal areas. To investigate the independent exploration and active reception in the construction of modern inland self-built parks under the Western cultural impact, this study introduces the concepts of "being-initself" and "being-for-itself", and systematically sorts out the construction characteristics of "being-in-itself" and the dominant notion of "beingfor-itself" in the four development phases of preparation, construction, repair and reconstruction of Lianhu Park in the modern era. It thereby summarizes the essence behind the objective connotation of modern selfbuilt parks, and the historical reflections and experiences of the inland self-built parks can also provide useful references to the recent parks'' renewal practice.