面向规划管理的国外国家公园监测体系研究及启示——以美国、加拿大、英国为例

监测对于国家公园的科学保护管理与规划具有重要意义。中国正处于国家公园体制建设初期,有必要深入研究如何建立国家公园监测体系。以近20年来发展迅速的美国、加拿大和英国的国家公园监测体系为研究对象,基于文献调查和比较分析,从监测内容框架与指标、数据管理与转化、组织和保障3个方面梳理在各自资源与管理背景下国家公园监测体系的基本特点,并提取出面向规划管理的国家公园监测体系建设的16个基本要点,为我国提供借鉴和启示。

Study and Reference on National Park Monitoring System for Planning and Management in US, Canada and UK

The significance of monitoring for the scientific conservation, management and planning of national parks has generally been recognized. In the initial stage of the construction of national park system in China, it is necessary to study in depth how to establish a national park monitoring system. This research selects the national park monitoring systems of three countries (the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom) as the research objects, which have been developing rapidly in recent 20 years. Based on the literature survey and comparative analysis, this study summarizes the characteristics of the national park monitoring system of each country under the corresponding resources and management background from the aspects of monitoring framework and indicators, data management and transformation, and organizational guarantee. At the end, sixteen basic points for the construction of the national park monitoring system for planning and management are extracted so as to provide reference and inspiration for China.