珠三角基塘景观格局演变特征及驱动 因素研究——以佛山顺德区为例

基塘系统作为一种水陆相互作用的人工复合农业生态系统，是珠三角地区乡土景观的重要组成部分。近年来，随着城镇化的快速发展，基塘系统的景观格局发生巨大改变，其农业生产功能和生态功能逐渐退化。以佛山顺德区为例，基于1979—2020年的Landsat遥感影像进行ENVI解译，在此基础上利用9个景观指数研究区域基塘景观格局的演变规律，并对其驱动因素进行分析。结果表明，1979—2020年，顺德区基塘、耕地和林地向建设用地转化明显，整体景观呈现非均衡化趋势分布；基塘景观的破碎度不断增加，优势度和团聚程度下降，部分基塘逐渐萎缩。驱动因素分析结果表明，人文因素是影响顺德区景观格局变化的主要因素，具有负向效应的空间推动作用。

Characteristics and Driving Factors of Landscape Pattern Evolution of Dike-Ponds in the Pearl River Delta: A Case Study of Shunde District, Foshan

Dike-pond system, an artificial composite agroecosystem in which land and water interact, is an important part of native landscape in the Pearl River Delta. In recent years, with the rapid development of urbanization, the landscape pattern of the dikepond system has changed tremendously, therewith the agricultural and ecological functions of dike-pond system have gradually degraded. Taking Shunde district of Foshan city as an example, by integrating historical Landsat remote sensing images from 1979 to 2020 and spatial metrics, this study explores the evolvement rule of dike-pond landscape pattern based on 9 landscape indexes, and analyzes its driving factors. The results show that during 1979- 2020, the dike-pond, cultivated land and forest land in Shunde district were obviously transformed into construction land, and the overall landscape presented an unbalanced distribution trend; the fragmentation degree of dike-pond landscape is increasing, while the dominance degree and agglomeration degree are decreasing, some dike-ponds gradually shrank in the process of urbanization. The analysis results of driving factors show that human factors are the main factors affecting landscape pattern change in Shunde district, which has a negative spatial driving effect.