基于InVEST-MCR复合模型的城市 绿色空间生境网络格局构建研究

城市化进程的不断加快影响了城市绿色空间的生境质量,城市生物多样性受到极大威胁。构建城市范围内的多物种综合生境网络能够整合现有的城市绿色空间格局,促进生物多样性保护与发育。以北京市丰台区为例,面向生物多样性保护与城市绿色空间发展提出了基于In VEST-MCR复合模型的城市绿色空间生境网络格局构建方法体系:即以生境类型为导向选取区域内生物多样性保护的焦点物种,通过大数据选取焦点物种的栖息源地,基于In VEST模型生境质量模块选取潜在栖息地(汇)并生成生境网络构建阻力面,采用最小累计阻力模型(MCR)构建丰台区城市绿色空间生境网络。研究结果明确了丰台区的生境质量现状与未来生境网络发展脉络,为城市绿色空间生境网络构建提供了新方法,为丰台区绿地空间格局规划与生物多样性保护提供了参考框架。

Pattern Construction of Habitat Network for Urban Green Space Based on the Compound Model of InVEST and MCR

The rapid urbanization has separated and isolated green spaces that are habitats in urban areas, and consequently biodiversity has been threatened greatly. The construction of a multi-species habitat network based on urban green space is urgently needed for the future biodiversity conservation and development. Taking Fengtai District of Beijing City as a case area, this paper proposed a compound model of Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) and Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) to construct urban green space habitat network for biodiversity conservation and green space development. It included selecting the focus species oriented to habitat preservation in the region firstly, next locating the habitat source patches based on the acquisition of big data sources, then locating the habitat sink patches and constructing the resistance surface based on the module of habitat quality evaluation in the InVEST, and building up the urban green space habitat network for Fengtai District by the model of MCR lastly. The results depicted not only the status of habitat quality but also the future blue map of urban habitat network development. The compound model of InVEST and MCR might provide a method reference of habitat network construction for urban green space patterns planning. It is hoped that this framework of habitat network construction could be a bridge between urban green space pattern planning and biodiversity conservation in the context of spatial planning of new era.