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《欧洲风景公约》:关于"文化景观"的一场思想革命
引用本文:麦琪·罗,韩锋,徐青.《欧洲风景公约》:关于"文化景观"的一场思想革命[J].中国园林,2007,23(11):10-15.
作者姓名:麦琪·罗  韩锋  徐青
作者单位:1. 英国纽卡斯尔大学建筑、规划和景观学院
2. 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院景观系,上海,200092
摘    要:《欧洲风景公约》对欧洲的景观有了一个较之从前更为全面的理解。这个公约所包含的思想已开始反映在欧洲各国政府、环境机构以及欧洲大多数对景观感兴趣的相关团体的工作中。景观没有必要划分为"自然的"或"文化的"2类,因为欧洲所有的景观都已经或多或少地受到人类的影响。因而",文化景观"的术语显得过于累赘,所有欧洲景观都具有不同程度的文化性。然而,对景观进行分类仍然是个复杂的问题。不同的个人、组织和文化往往依据自身对自然长期的、不同程度的干预和联想发展出自身的价值。《欧洲风景公约》不期望一种景观价值凌驾于另一种之上,事实上《,欧洲风景公约》认识到,与那些通常被标识为具有全球重要性的景观一样,地方的和退化的景观对于社区或文化、社区居民或外来的造访者具有同样的重要性。这个公约在全欧洲的政府中将"普通"景观与"特殊"景观同等对待,这是具有革命性的创举。

关 键 词:风景园林  《欧洲风景公约》  文化景观  未来
文章编号:1000-6664(2007)11-0010-06
收稿时间:2007-10-19
修稿时间:2007-10-25

The European Landscape Convention: A Revolution in Thinking about 'Cultural Landscapes'
Maggie ROE,HAN Feng,XU Qing.The European Landscape Convention: A Revolution in Thinking about ''''Cultural Landscapes''''[J].Chinese Landscape Architecture,2007,23(11):10-15.
Authors:Maggie ROE  HAN Feng  XU Qing
Abstract:The European Landscape Convention has set out a much more holistic understanding of landscape than was previously the case within Europe. The Convention embodies thinking that is beginning to be reflected in the work of governments, environmental agencies and a wide range of interested parties within the landscape field in Europe. Landscapes are not necessarily classifiable as being either 'natural' or 'cultural' because all landscapes within Europe are to some extent or another impacted by humans. The term 'cultural landscape' could therefore be seen as redundant, since all the landscapes of Europe can also be described as 'cultural' to some extent. However the issue of labelling or classification is really much more complex. Different individuals, organisations and cultures often develop values according to the extent of human intervention or associations that may have built up over time. The European Landscape Convention helpfully does not value any one landscape above another, indeed it recognises that local and degraded landscapes are as likely to be of importance to the communities--or cultures--who inhabit them or the people who visit them as those which are commonly found to be labelled as globally important. The Convention is revolutionary in the way it has put 'ordinary' as well as 'special' landscapes onto government agendas throughout Europe.
Keywords:Landscape Architecture  The European Landscape Convention  Cultural Landscapes  Future
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