Pu同位素的AMS测量方法研究进展

锕系超铀元素Pu主要来自于各类人工核活动，现广泛存在于自然界中。其在多个基础研究及应用领域具有重要研究和使用价值，并已得到广泛应用。本文比较了目前Pu的主要测量方法，对各种方法的优缺点加以分析。在所有Pu的测量方法中，加速器质谱（AMS）方法具有样品用量小、测量时间短、能区分²³⁹Pu与²⁴⁰Pu，同时探测限低等优点，是从技术上最适合于测量超痕量Pu的方法。国外已有澳大利亚、奥地利、瑞士等多个国家的实验室基于各自的AMS系统设备参数建立了不同的AMS测量Pu的方法。本文对国外已建立的AMS测量Pu的方法进行介绍和总结，对中国原子能科学研究院（CIAE）现已开展的相关研究作了介绍。CIAE基于350 kV AMS系统建立的Pu测量方法探测限达到1×10⁶原子。

Research Progress in AMS Measurement of Pu Isotopes

Actinides transuranic element Pu,mainly comes from artificial nuclear activities and now widely found in nature,has an important research and application value in multiple basic research and application fields.In this paper,the main measurement methods of Pu and their advantages and disadvantages were compared and analyzed.Among all measurement methods of Pu,the AMS(Accelerator Mass Spectrometer)method has the advantages of small sample size,short measurement time,ability to distinguish²³⁹Pu from²⁴⁰Pu,and the low detection limit.It is technically the most suitable method for the measurement of ultra-trace Pu.Laboratories in Australia,Austria,Switzerland,and other countries including China(CIAE,China Institute of Atomic Energy),have established different Pu measurement methods based on their AMS systems,which were introduced and summarized in this paper.The detection limit of the Pu measurement method established by CIAE based on the 350 kV AMS system reaches 1×106 atoms.