基于介形类生态特征评价湖南某铀矿山地表水放射性环境

湖南某铀矿为我国一重要铀资源生产基地，长年的矿冶活动使该铀矿冶地域生态环境不可避免地遭到了一定程度破坏。本文以该铀矿冶地域介形类为研究对象，分析其分布与生态特征，并利用该生物评价本矿冶地域地表水放射性污染状况。结果表明，Cypridopsis vidua在溪流与河流中均有分布，Helerocypris incongruens仅发现于河流，两者丰度均不高。利用该两种介形类丰度及总丰度变化可指示水体铀浓度的变化，丰度越小，铀含量越大，反之亦然。Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数与水体铀浓度呈明显负相关，表明也可利用介形类生物指数指示水体铀浓度。该生物指数明显偏低，说明该铀矿冶地域地表水环境质量需要改善，放射性污染应引起足够重视。

Radioactive Environment Evaluation of Surface Water of A Uranium Mine in Hunan Based on Ostracod Ecological Characteristics

A uranium mine in Hunan is an important production base of uranium resources in China, and the ecological environment of this mining area is damaged to an extent owing to its mining activities for many years inevitably. Distribution and ecological characteristics of the ostracod from the mine were analyzed, and radioactive contamination condition of surface water in and around the mine was evaluated using the fauna. Cypridopsis vidua distributes in the stream and river, and Helerocypris incongruens lives in the river only, with not high abundance of both species. The value of abundance and total abundance of the both species can reveal the change of uranium concentration of water body, which decreases with the increase of uranium concentration, and vice versa. Negative correlation between value of species diversity index of Shannon-Wiener and uranium concentration of water is obvious, which suggests that the uranium content of water can be indicated by the value. The index with low value obviously indicates that the surface water environmental quality of the area need to be refined, and radioactive contamination of the mine should be paid more attention adequately.