小型压水堆稳压器多变量自抗扰解耦控制研究

小型压水堆稳压器具有非线性、时变和强耦合等特点，很难建立准确的数学模型，传统控制方法难以取得满意的控制效果。因此提出了一种基于自抗扰技术（ADRC）的稳压器多变量解耦控制方法。首先搭建稳压器三区非平衡模型，基于微小摄动理论对模型进行线性化处理，得到压力和水位耦合传递函数方程。然后，基于传递函数设计稳压器ADRC解耦控制器，使用差分进化算法对控制器参数进行多目标优化。最后，以小型堆稳压器为研究对象，利用MATLAB仿真平台将ADRC解耦控制与传统比例-积分-微分（PID）控制进行对比分析。结果表明，所设计的控制器能够有效解决稳压器压力和水位之间的耦合问题，较传统PID控制器具备更好的抗干扰性和鲁棒性，为ADRC方法在稳压器的工程应用提供了理论基础。 

Study on Multivariable Decoupling Control of Small PWR Pressurizer based on Active Disturbance Rejection Control

Since the pressurizer (PZR) in a small pressurized water reactor (PWR) features non-linearity, time-dependence, and strong coupling, its accurate mathematical model is hard to build and the traditional control method cannot provide a satisfactory control effect. Therefore, this study describes a multivariable decoupling control method based on the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) technique for such PZR. In this study, a non-equilibrium three-region model of PZR is built, and processed linearly based on the perturbation theory to generate the pressure and water level coupled transfer function equation. Then, an ADRC based decoupling controller is designed based on the transfer function, and the parameters of the controller are subjected to multi-objective optimization via differential evolution. Finally, the ADRC based decoupling control and traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control for the same small reactor PZR are compared and analyzed by the MATLAB simulation platform. As demonstrate by the comparison, the ADRC based decoupling controller can effectively solve the PZR pressure and level coupling problem and has better robustness and interference immunity than the traditional PID controller. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical foundation for the engineering application of the ADRC method to the PZRs.