重离子辐照微生物效应及诱变育种进展

重离子束作为一种高效的、典型的诱变辐射源广泛用于生物育种。不同质量数、电荷数和不同能量的重离子束作用于生物细胞有特殊的过程和作用,其先后经历物理、化学和生物学三个阶段,最终引发终点生物学效应,如辐射低剂量超敏感现象,活性氧代谢变化等。本文重点探讨重离子束辐照微生物体后出现的主要终点生物效应,以及近年来重离子辐照微生物诱变育种在工农业等方面取得的成果。

Microbial mutagenic effects and mutation breeding advances induced by heavy ion beams

As an efficient and typical radiation source, heavy ion beam was widely used in biological mutagenesis breeding. The heavy ion beams of different mass, different charge number and different energy have their special processes and effects when interacting with the biological cells, which underwent physical, chemical and biological three stages, and led to end point biological effects ultimately, such as low doses of radiation sensitive phenomena and active oxygen metabolism changes. This article focuses on the primary endpoint of biological effect about the micro-organisms after the heavy ion beam irradiation, and the achievements made by heavy ion irradiation for microbial mutation breeding in agriculture and industry field in recent years.