后处理设施放射性液体贮罐泄漏事故环境释放源项估算

放射性液体泄漏事故是后处理设施典型的事故,泄漏事故通常发生在设备室。高放废液贮槽泄漏后气载放射性核素生成包括两个过程:一是在泄漏放射性液体的过程中惰性气体从溶液中释放,以及与空气、地板相互作用产生的气溶胶;二是泄漏后的蒸发过程(包括冲洗前稀释前和稀释后)。气溶胶在设备室内生成后会发生沉积,同时随着设备室排风系统,经过滤后向环境排放。本文给出了一种放射性溶液贮槽泄漏事故源项估算方法,实现了事故泄漏质量、泄漏活度、设备室气载放射性活度浓度及积分浓度、环境释放源项估算,为事故应急决策和响应行动提供数据支持。

Esimation of environmental source term of radioactive liquid stroage tank leakage accident in reprocessing facilities

Radioactive liquid leakage accident is a typical radioactive accident in reprocessing facilities, which usually occurs in the equipment room. The generation of airborne radionuclides includes two processes: one is the release of inert gas from the solution during the leakage of radioactive liquid, and the aerosol generated by the interaction with air and floor; the other is the evaporation process after leakage (including before washing, before dilution and after dilution). The aerosol will deposit after being generated in the equipment room, and will be discharged to the environment after filtration along with the exhaust system of the equipment room. In this paper, a source term estimation method related to radioactive solution storage tank breach leakage accident is proposed. The estimation of accident leakage quality, leakage activity, airborne radioactivity concentration and integral concentration in equipment room, and environmental release source term are realized, which provides data support for emergency decision-making and response action.