广西伴生放射性矿开发利用中的放射性水平初步调查

本文围绕广西境内17类矿产资源的开发利用展开调查,并对280家详查企业开发利用中的放射性水平进行了监测分析。结果表明:在原料与产品中,锆石和氧化锆、铅/锌、锗/钛、钒等行业²³⁸U、²²⁶Ra、²³²Th任一核素比活度大于1 000 Bq/kg。在固体废物中,稀土、锆石和氧化锆、铅/锌、锗/钛、锡、钒等行业²³⁸U、²²⁶Ra、²³²Th任一核素比活度大于1 000 Bq/kg。花岗岩企业的废水中总α、总β放射性水平偏高。研究发现,在对矿产开发利用企业开展放射性水平调查时,将γ辐射剂量率现场监测筛选标准下调50 nGy/h,即设定为在固体表面1 m处的γ辐射剂量率超过“当地本底水平”＋100 nGy/h时,可更为保守地避免出现遗漏放射性水平较高企业的情况。

Investigation for radioactivity level during the exploitation and utilization of mines associated with radioactivity in Guangxi

Based on the investigation of 17 types of mineral resources in Guangxi, the radioactivity levels of 280 factories and mines had been measured and analyzed in this study. The results indicated that the average specific radioactivity in raw materials and products derived from the zircon ore, lead/zinc ore, germanium/titanium ore, and vanadium ore is greater than 1 000 Bq/kg. The average specific radioactivity in solid wastes produced in rare earth ore, zircon ore,lead/zinc ore, germanium/titanium ore, tin ore, and vanadium ore is greater than 1 000 Bq/kg. The gross α and gross β in waste water are higher than the discharge limit. The screening value of γ air adsorbed dose rate of 100 nGy/h was recommended to avoid missing of some industries with high radioactivity.