稠油蒸汽吞吐开采技术研究概述

利用蒸汽吞吐开采稠油最早出现在20世纪50年代，作为一种相对简单和成熟的注蒸汽开采技术，目前仍在委内瑞拉、美国和加拿大广泛应用。在研究大量文献的基础上，回顾了蒸汽吞吐开采技术的发展和现状，总结了蒸汽吞吐采油原理和开采特征，热力模型的发展，以及现阶段存在的问题，展望了未来的发展方向。研究认为：蒸汽吞吐在稠油开发中仍然将继续占有重要的地位；其采油原理复杂，是一项复杂、技术难度大的系统工程；进入开采中后期，必须运用各种手段改善吞吐效果并适时地转入合理的二次热采方式。

Overview of heavy oil cyclic steam stimulation recovery technology

Using cyclic steam stimulation to exploit heavy oil first appeared in the early 1950's.As a relatively simple and mature steam injection exploitation technology,it is still widely used in Venezuela,the United States and Canada. This article forecasts the future development of cyclic steam stimulation technology after reviewing its development and present situation in detail and summarizing cyclic steam stimulation principle,characteristics,thermal model development and problems at present stage.The study indicates that: cyclic steam stimulation will keep on occupying an important position in heavy oil production;the oil extraction principle is complicated,and it is a highly skillful system engineering;it is important and necessary to use various means to improve stimulation effect and timely convert to proper secondary thermal recovery at the middle and later stage of recovery.