克拉玛依鲎虫化石群的发现及其地质意义

１９６４年首次在新疆克拉玛依地区地面上的上克拉玛依组及白碱滩组中发现了大量的鲎虫化石。根据与其共生的鱼化石、昆虫化石及植物化石分别定名为克拉玛依鲎虫化石组合和白碱滩鲎虫化石组合，前者的时代属中三叠世晚期，后者属晚三叠世早期。这些鲎虫化石群又相继在准噶尔盆地南缘、塔里木盆地、吐鲁番盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地被发现，从而为上述地区三叠纪地层的对比与划分提供了新的线索。根据鲎虫化石产出层位的沉积岩相特征判断，鲎虫属淡水一微咸水水生生物，生活在清洁、透明、温暖、安静、有机质丰富的浅水区，可作为浅湖相、充水沼泽相、牛轭湖相、河流三角洲相的指相化石。

DISCOVERY AND GEOLOGIC SIGNIFICANCE KARAMAY APUS FOSSIL FAUNA

A large number of Apus fossils were discovered in Upper Karamay Formation and Baijantan Formation(outcrop)in Karamay area,Xinjiang in 1964.According to symbiotic fish fossil,insect fossil and plant fossil,theywere separately nominated Karamay(Late Middle Triassic) and Baijiantan(Early Late Triassic) Apus fossil assem-blages. These fossil assemblages were discovered in successions in south margin of Jullggar Basin,Tarim Basin,TurpanBasin and Ordos Basin,and offered a new clue to correlation and classification of the Trisssic.Inferred from sedimen-tary lithofacies characteristics, the Apus could be a type of hydrobios in fresh water-brackish water living in clean,transparent,warm and still shallow water area enriched with organic matters , which can be used as facier fossils ofshallow lake,water-filled swamp,oxbow lake and river-delta environments.