渤海湾盆地辽河坳陷油气勘探历程与启示

在全面回顾辽河坳陷60余年油气勘探历程的基础上,以油气储量发现为主线,充分考虑理论认识深化、勘探方法改进、新技术应用的重要作用,将辽河坳陷油气勘探历程划分为区域普查与稀井广探、局部详探与重点突破、拓展勘探与规模增储、深化陆上与加快滩海、精细勘探与稳定发展5个阶段。总结了油气勘探的3方面启示：地质认识的提升和新技术的应用是储量持续发现的关键、裂谷盆地的油气勘探要更加注重对断裂发育演化的研究、特殊类型油气藏也是富油气凹陷油气勘探的重要领域。阐述了理论认识与勘探技术在油气勘探中的重要作用以及断裂与油气分布富集的关系,总结了变质岩内幕油气藏、火成岩油气藏和页岩油气藏的成藏模式,以期对中国东部裂谷盆地富烃凹陷的立体勘探起到启迪和借鉴作用。

Petroleum Exploration History and Enlightenment of Liaohe Depression in Bohai Bay Basin

Based on a comprehensive review of more than 60 years of oil and gas exploration history in the Liaohe depression, this paper takes the discovery of oil and gas reserves as the main line, and fully considers the important roles of deepening theoretical understanding, improving exploration methods and applying new technologies, and divides the oil and gas exploration process in the Liaohe depression into five stages: regional reconnaissance and extensive exploration with fewer wells, local detailed prospecting and key breakthrough, exploration expanding and large-scale reserves increase, deepening onshore exploration and speeding up beach exploration, and fine exploration and stable development. Based on this, three enlightenments for oil and gas exploration are summarized: (1) The promotion of geological understanding and the application of new technologies are key factors of sustained discoveries of oil and gas reserves; (2) More attention should be paid to the study on fault development and evolution during rifted basin exploration; (3) Special types of oil and gas reservoirs are also important for oil and gas exploration in hydrocarbon-rich sags. The important roles of theoretical knowledge and exploration technologies in oil and gas exploration, and the relationship between faults and oil and gas distribution and enrichment are expounded. Oil and gas accumulation models are summarized for reservoirs inside metamorphic rock, igneous reservoirs and oil and gas reservoirs in shale, in the hope of acting as enlightenment and reference for the stereoscopic exploration of hydrocarbon-rich sags in rifted basins in the eastern China.