北美天然气储气库建设的经验与启示

北美地区是天然气储气库建设起步最早、规模最大的地区，通过对其天然气储气库建设历史的回顾和现状分析，得出如下结论：①北美地区目前是天然气储气库建设最成熟的区域；②天然气工业快速发展和管道建设促进了储气库的建设；③储气库注采周期与地质条件相关；④注采井一般遵循“大进大出”原则，从钻井和固井等方面综合考虑设计方案；⑤采用设置观察井、老井封堵和注采井安全措施等方法来保障储气库安全运行；⑥完备的法律法规和标准规范促进了储气库建设。我国天然气储气库建设相对滞后，借鉴北美地区成熟的储气库建设经验，针对国内储气库建设提出如下建议：①加强天然气储气库建设要与管道建设紧密联系在一起，这是安全平稳供气、天然气行业快速健康发展的有力保障；②重视储气库建设前期评价和研究工作；③要注重气井安全，保障储气库安全运行；④应制定和完善相应标准和规范、法律法规，以指导储气库建设。

Experience and enlightenment from the construction of underground natural gas storage facilities in North America

North America is the first and the most developed area in the building of underground natural gas storage facilities. Through historical review and status analysis, this paper draws some conclusions as follows. a. North America is the most well developed area for the building of underground gas storage facilities. b. The development of gas storage is stimulated by the rapid growth of natural gas industry and the construction of gas pipelines. c. A cycle of being injected and withdrawn for a storage site is closely related to its underground geological conditions. d. Injection production wells would follow the principle of being injected and withdrawn on a large scale, and many factors including drilling and cementing are fully taken into consideration in a drilling plan. e. Smooth and safe operation of underground gas storage facilities is guaranteed by the design of observation wells, the plugging of old wells, and safety designs, etc.. f. A complete system of laws, regulations and standard specification promotes the construction of underground gas storage. Learning good experiences from North America, this paper also presents the following suggestions in view of the lagging construction of underground gas storage facilities in China. a. The building of underground gas storage should be connected with the construction of gas pipelines, which is the best way for the powerful guarantee of steady gas supply and natural gas industry's fast development. b. Pre project evaluation and investigation should be highly valued. c. Gas wells should be kept safe by all means, thus the safe operation of underground gas storage should be ensured. e. Corresponding laws, regulations and standards should be completed to guide the further construction of underground gas storage facilities.