火山作用与油气成藏

目前全球有100多个国家或地区发现了与火山岩有关的油气藏或油气显示，火山岩已经从油气勘探的“禁区”逐渐转变为“靶区”。火山活动伴随的热液和气液可以明显提高有机质的生烃量和转化率，有效地加快油气运移速率，而且无机成因烃的来源可能也与火山作用有关。火山岩本身可以成为油气的有利聚集场所，同时火山作用与沉积作用相匹配还有助于形成一系列与火山岩有关的油气圈闭。孔隙度、渗透率较差的火山灰或厚层玄武岩具有良好的封闭性能，可成为油气藏的局部盖层。火山岩油气藏的研究需将火山作用、构造作用、沉积作用、成烃作用有机结合起来，缺一不可。

Hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation related to igneous activity

Up till now, evidences or discoveries of hydrocarbon reservoirs associated with volcanic rocks have been found in more than 100 countries or districts all over the world, which has turned this forbidden area of volcanic rocks into another target for future oil and gas exploration. Volcanic rocks or volcanism involve all factors of forming hydrocarbon reservoirs. Volcanism, related to the origins of abiogenic hydrocarbon, can significantly enhance the quantity and ratio of hydrocarbon generation. Volcanic rocks can be good for hydrocarbon accumulation and a series of related hydrocarbon traps can be formed by the volcanism and deposition. Hydrocarbon migration is favored by the lava and gas liquid mixture. Either lava ash or tremendously thick basalt with low porosity and permeability has a good quality of sealing to be partly cap rocks for hydrocarbon reservoirs. This paper suggests that volcanism, tectonism, deposition, and hydrocarbon generation should be integrated into a study on the exploration of volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs in a specific area.