鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组中组合岩相古地理新认识及油气勘探意义

准确的岩相古地理恢复对于预测鄂尔多斯盆地下奥陶统马家沟组中组合白云岩储层分布具有重要的意义。为此,从分析古构造背景对沉积的控制作用出发,基于对大量钻井岩心和岩石薄片的观察结果,结合测井岩石结构组分解释、单因素图分析、地震资料解释等成果,建立了该盆地马家沟组中组合沉积模式,并客观地恢复了马五5、马五7、马五9这3个亚段的岩相古地理。结果表明:(1)马家沟组中组合具有隆、洼相间的沉积特点,中央古隆起东侧发育乌审旗—吴起和神木—榆林—延安2个南北向展布的次一级低隆带,在二者之间发育台内洼地,至盆地东部米脂地区则为潟湖沉积;(2)该盆地元古代发育4条北东向展布的裂陷槽,对奥陶纪沉积格局具有重要的影响,同时控制了马家沟组中组合台内颗粒滩的展布;(3)受隆、洼相间沉积格局和元古代裂陷槽的共同影响,中组合台内颗粒滩主要发育在神木—榆林—延安和乌审旗—吴起2个低隆起带上,并呈北东向近似雁列式分布。结论认为,上述2个低隆起带是该盆地马家沟组中组合优质白云岩储层的主要发育区。

New understandings of the lithofacies paleogeography of the middle assemblage of Majiagou Fm in the Ordos Basin and its exploration significance

Accurate lithofacies-paleogeographic reconstruction is of great significance in predicting the dolomite reservoir distribution of the middle assemblage of Ordovician Majiagou Fm in the Ordos Basin. In this paper, the controlling effects of palaeotectonic background over sedimentation were first analyzed. Then the sedimentary mode of the middle assemblage was established and the lithofacies-paleogeography was reconstructed objectively for three intervals (Ma5-5, Ma5-7 and Ma5-9), based on the observation results of a large number of drilling cores and rock sections, together with the results of logging interpretation of rock composition and structure, single factor maps analysis and seismic data interpretation. The following findings were obtained. First, the middle assemblage of Majiagou Fm presents the alternation of uplift and depression; two secondary low uplift zones extending in NS, i.e. Wushen Banner–Wuqi and Shenmu–Yulin–Yan'an, are developed in the eastern side of the central paleo-uplift, between which there is intraplatform depression, and lagoons are deposited in the Mizhi area in the east of the basin. Second, in the Ordos Basin, four NE-trending rift troughs are developed in the Proterozoic, which greatly affects the Ordovician sedimentary pattern and controls the distribution of intraplatform grain banks. Third, influenced jointly by the alternation of uplift and depression and the intraplatform rift troughs of the Proterozoic, the intraplatform grain banks in the middle assemblage are mainly developed in the two low uplift zones, i.e. Shenmu–Yulin–Yan'an and Wushen Banner–Wuqi, trending NE in a similar echelon distribution. In conclusion, the two low uplift zones are the main development areas for high-quality carbonate reservoirs within the middle assemblage of Majiagou Fm in the basin.