中国煤层气勘探开发成果与认识

我国近年煤层气勘探和开发的重点区块主要有阜新盆地刘家试采区块、辽宁铁法区块、辽宁沈阳北及其外围、山西省南部沁水煤层气田、鄂尔多斯盆地东部大宁-吉县地区与韩城-合阳地区、准噶尔盆地东南缘等。其中开发效果最好的有阜新盆地刘家试采区块和山西沁水煤层气田。中国煤层气勘探开发还处于初级阶段，工艺、设备、技术等都急需引进、吸收、研发、试验、优选、试用，煤层气地质条件和排采技术也需要深化研究。通过分析中国煤层气勘探开发现状，结合多年的现场实践经验，总结了我国煤层气勘探开发的新认识和煤层气勘探开发工艺技术进展，并提出了以下建议：①含气量大于6 m³/t必须先采气后采煤；②加强对低煤阶煤层气的勘探；③加强煤层气地质精细研究；④加强关键技术试验；⑤积极稳妥地按照勘探程序组织实施煤层气勘探开发工作。

ACHIEVEMENTS AND UNDERSTANDINGS OF COALBED METHANE EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

In recent years, CBM (coalbed methane) exploration and development in China are mainly focused on several major areas including Liujia production test block in the Fuxin Basin, Tiefa block and north Shenyang block and its surrounding area in Liaoning province, The Qinshui CBM field in Shanxi province, Daning Jixian and Hancheng Heyang areas in the eastern Ordos Basin, and southeastern edge of the Junggar Basin, among which Liujia production test block in the Fuxin Basin and the Qinshui CBM field in Shanxi province are the best in development effects. Exploration and development of CBM in China are still in the early stage. It is urgent to improve technologies, equipments and techniques through importation, absorption, R&;D, experiment, optimization and trial application. In addition, researches on geologic conditions and exploitation techniques need to be strengthened. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the status of CBM exploration and development in China and in combination with field experiences accumulated in many years, this paper summarizes new understandings and technical advancement of CBM exploration and development in China, and presents the following proposals: ① Gas production should go before coal mining when gas content is larger than 6 m3/t; ② Exploration of CBM in low rank coals should be strengthened; ③ Detailed CBM geologic study should be improved; ④ More attentions should be paid to lab test studies on some important techniques; ⑤ Exploration and development should be carried out actively and safely according to the procedures.