依托物理模型的叠后裂缝敏感地震属性优选与应用

在更关注中小尺度裂缝构造的现阶段，大尺度裂缝研究不可或缺。预测大尺度裂缝的常用方法是地震属性分析，因此寻找并选用对（不同尺度）裂缝敏感的地震属性成为关键。基于多裂缝参数地震物理模型，开展叠后属性分析，研究地震属性对裂缝参数的敏感性，然后优选敏感属性进行多属性融合。结果表明：在单一属性裂缝预测中，倾角约束分频相干属性具有明显优势，但难以识别三维空间某一方向尺度小于λ/4的裂缝带；频率衰减梯度属性对裂缝带尺度敏感，谱分解相位调谐体属性对裂缝密度敏感，振幅属性对裂缝方位和缝面倾角敏感；曲率等几何属性、相干属性和物理属性的融合不仅能突出大断裂，还能降低多解性。

Fracture-sensitive poststack seismic attribute optimization based on the physical model

The research on meso-and micro-scale fractures attracts more attention at the present time; however the study of macroscale fractures is also essential and cannot be ignored.Poststack attribute analysis is normally used to detect macro fractures; therefore,the crux of the matter is hunting for seismic sensitive attributes for fractures,especially with different parameters.Based on a seismic physical model of multi-fracture parameters,poststack multi-attributes are primarily analyzed to obtain ascendant sensitive attributes which are then used to do multi-attribute fusion.The following results are obtained:A.For single-attribute,46Hz isofrequency coherence attribute under constraints of dips has obvious advantages for macroscale fracture zones in poststack fracture prediction and it is difficult to identify the fracture zone as long as the scale of a direction in 3D space is less than λ/4; B.Frequency attenuation gradient attribute is sensitive to fracture scale,phase data cube of spectral factorization to fracture density,and amplitude to fracture orientation and fracture inclination; C.The fusion of curvature,coherence and physical attributes can not only highlight characteristics of macroscale fracture zones,but also reduce multiplicity of solutions.