关于细分面元观测系统的讨论

本文基于野外二维试验的结果，对二维常规与细分面元观测系统进行分析与讨论，进而对三维细分面元观测系统进行了分析，得出以下认识：细分面元观测系统会造成相邻面元内最小炮检距、方位角甚至空间波场出现剧烈的跳跃变化；细分数目越多，则跳跃性、突变性越大，对地震资料的影响越严重。对于三维细分面元观测系统也有类似的结论，因此在进行细分面元观测系统设计时，不仅要注意面元本身的属性，包括炮检距及方位角的均匀分布，而且要考虑相邻面元间变化，注意采取相应的措施，如缩小排列线距、炮排距等，尽量减小空间的变化。通常二维以二分为宜，三维以四分为宜。

Discussion about flexi-bin geometry.

Based on the result of 2-D field experiments, the paper analyzed and discussed 2-D ordinary geometry and flexi-bin geometry and further analyzed 3-D flexi-bin geometry, which got following conclusions: flexi-bin geometry may result in violently skipping variation in minimum offset, azimuth and even spatial wavefield of adjacent bins; the more the flexi-bins, the bigger the skip and the sudden change that have more significant influence on seismic data. The similar conclusions are also true for 3-D flexi-bin geometry,so that when designing the flexi-bin geometry,it should not only pay attention to the attributes of bin itself (including uniform distribution of offset and azimuth) ,but also consider the variation between adjacent bins and take relevant measures such as shorten of intervals of receiving lines and shot lines, which do our best to reduce the spatial variation. Generally,it had better do half-division for 2-D geometry and quarter-division for 3-D geometry.