提高低效热采吞吐井开发效果的技术发展动向

目前我国稠油开发以蒸汽吞吐为主，但随着蒸汽吞吐轮次的增加，周期产油量、油气比下降，含水率高，开采效果变差，且蒸汽吞吐采收率较低，一般在20％左右。针对这一问题，采取各种措施提高蒸汽吞吐后期的开采效果，主要包括多井整体吞吐、一注多采、复合蒸汽吞吐、蒸汽驱、蒸汽辅助重力泄油、火烧油层等热采技术和化学吞吐、CO2吞吐等冷采技术以及各种改善蒸汽吞吐效果的工艺措施。综述各种改善蒸汽吞吐效果的工艺技术及其增产机理，分析各种稠油开采技术存在的问题和不足，指出稠油复合开采及水平井应用是稠油开采的发展方向。

The technical developing trend of improving recovery effect of inefficient steam huff - puff wells

At present, steam huff and puff is a main way to develop heavy oil reservoirs in China. With huff - puff cycle time increases, periodic oil production and oil - steam ratio decrease, water cut goes up, and recovery effect becomes worse. Recovery rate of steam huff- puff is lower and about 20% in general. Aiming at the problem, various measures are taken to improve recovery effect at late stage of steam huff - puff. These measures mainly include multi - well cyclic steam stimula- tion, chemical or CO2 assisted steam huff - puff, steam flooding, steam assisted gravity drainage, chemical huff - puff, C02 huff - puff, and so on. Based on the review of improving heavy oil recovery technologies and stimulation mechanisms, exist- ing problems and disadvantages of these technologies were analyzed and further developing direction of heavy oil recovery is the chemical or CO2 assisted steam huff - puff and the horizontal well technology.