纳米技术在钻井液中的应用探讨

纳米技术是指在纳米尺度范围内,研究电子、原子和分子的内在规律和特征,并用于制造各种物质的一门崭新的综合性科学技术;纳米材料是指晶粒或颗粒尺寸在1～100nm范围的超细材料,纳米材料是纳米技术发展的重要基础和重要研究对象.介绍了纳米材料的特性,分析了纳米技术与胶体科技的区别.从胶体科技在钻井液中应用的角度,分析探讨了纳米技术在钻井液应用中存在的问题:不能简单地将粒径在纳米尺度范围的颗粒称作纳米材料,否则就会得出最原始的细分散钻井液就是纳米钻井液的荒唐结论;向钻井液中加入纳米级颗粒不仅会影响钻井液的流变性(尤其是塑性粘度),而且由于加入材料的高的比表面积,必然吸附一部分钻井液处理剂,减少了处理剂的有效含量,另外增大了细颗粒损害油气层的机会;纳米颗粒使用性能不稳定.对纳米技术在钻井液领域应用提出了建议.

Discussion on the application of nanometer science and technology in drilling fluid

Nano-technique is a completely new comprehensive science and technology which studies the inherent law of electrons, atoms and molecules in range of nanometer scale and manufacturing new materials with them. Nanometer materials are fine particles of sizes in range of 1~100 nm, which are the important developing basis and study object of nano-technique. In this paper, characteristics of nanometer materials are presented, and the difference from the colloid technology are analyzed. What's more, the problems existing in the application of nano-technique in drilling fluid are investigated from the viewpoint of the colloid science and technology application, that is: 1) the particles in the nanometer scale should not be simply called as the nanometer materials, or a conclusion that the original finely dispersed drilling fluid becomes the nanometer drilling fluid will come out; 2) when the nanometer particles are added into drilling fluid, not only the rheological property is changed because of the high specific surface area of the particles added in, but part of drilling fluid additives will be adsorbed, reducing the effective content and adding the potential of formation damage caused by fine solids, the property of nanometer particles is unstable in the using process also. At last, suggestions on how to apply nano-technique in drilling fluid are proposed.